Conference Papers

The results on BSA (bovine serum) separation by membrane techniques are reported. Polysulfone-polyaniline (PSf - PANI) porous composite membranes are obtained by phase inversion with chemical reaction. PANI is obtained in-situ by oxidative aniline polymerization. The obtained composite membranes are characterized by water permeation at different pH and pressure. Polysulfone-polyaniline porous composite membranes UF processes performance to BSA separation are reported.

The objective of the study is to offer methodological instruments using multiple criteria for hazard waste assessment that will allow reproducibility of value judgments made by experts/specialists in the field when making such decisions based on harmonized national, European, and international legislation. In the hazard waste assessment world practice exist different methods. We will present the practice of decisional logical schemes and decisional rules derivation using multiple criteria in order to make transparent the decisional act of assessment/classification in each jurisdiction to harmonize the waste management and eventually to make possible some actions to be automated for speeding up the final decision. The proposed methodologies developed by INCD-ECOIND respond to the current legislation requirements and address the needs of scientific waste assessment and management with intend to valorize the results in the form of advanced environmental services. The proposed methodologies are based on relevant criteria like hazardous properties by waste’s origin (i.e. waste existing on relevant waste lists - coming from different specific technological processes etc.) and hazardous properties by waste’s composition (i.e. based on results of relevant performed tests revealing hazardous properties for certain components of the analyzed waste from beneficiaries). Information about the analyzed waste has been obtained from beneficiaries, from literature and from INCD-ECOIND performed analytical determinations (over 12 relevant indicators). The classification results are finally presented. The proposed multiple criteria type of methodologies offer efficient, short, logic, and mathematical algorithms for data reduction and discovery of relevant decision rules within the available data information. They offer easy interpretation of the obtained results, revealing the quality of classification, allowing the automation of some actions but also manual (pre)processing of data depending on situation, in order to support the final classification decision.

Areas situated in the proximity to landfills have several features of great importance in further, as some of these areas can get changing in the future to residential destinations. It is therefore important to determine the quality of environmental components in these areas and to identify all hazards that may create risks for the area analyzed. Complex investigations carried out in the proximity to landfills will have as a final risk estimation, one of which shows the importance induced by the emissions of methane that may migrate into soil / subsoil in the vicinity of the deposit. This paper presents a methodology for assessing risks with the following steps: the documentary stage involves collecting relevant information on the landfill site, site history, and the date on geomorphology, geology and hydrogeology of the area. In the subsequent stages, it identifies the potential sources of the gaseous emissions in soil / subsoil and the potential migration pathways and receptors proceed to investigate complex area. As a case study was chosen site of a landfill in Bucharest, which was crossed methodology of investigation: they made wells and the gas collection were measured in situ the concentrations of gases (CH4, O2, CO2, CO and H2S) with a portable analyzer, were made boreholes to determine the groundwater flow conditions and analytical investigations on the environmental quality of components (soil, groundwater, surface water) in the proximity of the landfill. In terms of the methodology, the risk estimation is based on the identification and the expression of two categories of factors, including the likelihood and effects on receptors that highlight risk levels resulting in a scale with five levels of risk, at a very low risk to high risk levels. The risk can be quantified by the indicator "Gas Screening Value", which is the product of the maximum concentration measured in gas borehole and the measured flow. Applying the methodology for the selected location as a case study allowed the identification of hazards and risk generating, the risk assessment, elements necessary to development the measures of protection required are taken in case the future of location will be for the residential.

Soil pollution is defined as any action that affect the normal functioning of the soil. It is known that human activities have affected while soil quality through various works (eg. mining, excavation, land use for landfills, landslides due to deforestation, erosion, salinization, acidification, etc.) A special attention was focused for the soils research in large urban areas, intensified in recent decades, due to the characteristics and functions of the soils in such areas. Of these, significant are those related to the role of soil as a support for the constructions of buildings, as recreational space or horticultural plant growth medium, especially those with special destination for human and animal nutrition present in peripheral areas. For urban pollutant impact exerted on the soil is exercised by: industrial emissions, road traffic emissions, use of chemicals to increase soil fertility and to combat pests and diseases. This paper presents a recent assessment of the quality of the urban soils in Bucharest, capital of Romania, starting from a conceptual model based on knowledge in the field. In situ investigations and direct observations have resulted in soil sampling in different zones, followed by analysis of the physico-chemical quality indicators relevant to the chemical pollution of soils.

In Bucharest, capital of the Romania, the artificial lakes on the river Colentina have an operation period of decades. The functionality of these lakes is: the flood regularization and for recreation. Over time were deposited on the bottom of lakes a large amounts of the alluvial deposits (sediments) carried by the waters of the river and its tributaries, and rainfall run-off out of the vicinity. A first consequence of the alluvial deposits consist in lowering the initial depth of the lakes, which facilitated excessive growth of the aquatic vegetation, and, in summer, the effects that affect the ichthyofauna and the recreation activities. Another consequence of the alluvium deposits located immediately upstream of discharge points is the diminuation of the transport capacity of the Colentina river. This paper presents a synthesis that brings together both specific elements: the conceptual model of the lakes and a series of the analytical results obtained from implementing an experimental field: 11 sampling points in order to investigate water quality, respectively the monitoring and control. The results regarding the quality of the sediments highlight the unequivocal role of deposition of the pollutants in a long periods of time.

This paper presents a functional model for the investigation of the groundwater quality expanded to the size of the county from the South-Eastern of Romania, considered as a case study. Were followed a several steps: defining the area of the study, establishing the methodology of the investigation (the sampling method and the quality indicators), the design of the experimental field, the applied methodology and finally getting a functional geochemical model of the groundwater of the entire county. Were determined for each groundwater sample a total of 17 physical and chemical quality indicators. Each sampling point was located with a GPS receiver, so all the results are a georeferenced database for the entire county. We have mapped the distribution of the pollutant concentrations to a number of relevant nutrient pollution category and a map of the "nitrates" indicator, the pollutant with the highest amplitudes of the concentrations recorded.