Articles

Heavy metal pollution of agricultural soils is a major environmental problem that can affect agriculture, food quality and human health. samples from vineyard soils in locations (Tirol and Moldova Noua) situated in the Caras-Severin County, Romania, and corresponding samples of Vitis vinifera were analysed for the following heavy metals contents: Mn, cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, ni, Cr(VI) and Cd. The concentration of heavy metals was measured using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer, in conventionally cultivated soils from vineyards and in aerial parts of Vitis vinifera. the average content of heavy metals in soils from the tirol vineyard decreased in the order: Fe > Mn > cu > Zn > Pb > ni > cr > cd, and in the case of private vineyards from Moldova Noua area, in the following order: Fe ≈ Mn > Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr >Cd. The average content of heavy metals in aerial parts of vines (Vitis vinifera) samples decreases in this way: Fe > Zn > Mn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cd > Cr (Tirol) and Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Ni > Pb > Cd > Cr (Moldova Noua area).The metal accumulation in aerial tissue of Vitis vinifera was established by transfer factor. surprisingly, the transfer factor is higher in the tirol vineyard than in Moldova Noua area. these results indicate that the bioavailability of Vitis vinifera to heavy metals depends on other factors besides the metal concentration of heavy metals in soil.

The fl ash contains average amounts of heavy metals: chromium (85 mg/kg dry matter (dm)), copper (62–67 mg/kg dm), nickel (50 mg/kg dm), lead (12–14 mg/kg dm), zinc (5–85 mg/kg dm) and iron (4.600–4.700 mg/kg dm). The municipal sludge compost added as fertilizer contains sufficient quantities of nutrients, which is enough material to increase the degree of plants germination and subsequent coverage of soils in common barley crop (Hordeum vulgare). three experimental variants have been used in barley crop: fl ash (variant I), fl ash together with 50 t/ ha compost (variant II) and fl ash with 150 t/ha compost (variant III). The addition of compost did not reduce the accumulation of chromium in barley straw but reduced its accumulation in grains. In the case of iron, the addition of compost has reduced the accumulation, both in grain and straw. The addition of 150 t/ha compost reduced heavy metals bioaccumulation of grain, and straw, each with 70%. The implementation of a strategy to cover the fl ash deposits with a vegetable coating of common barley crops can be easily and efficiently done through the use of fertilizers as sewage sludge compost and vegetable scraps from a vineyard.